Beck-Hoffnungslosigkeitsskala

Beck Hopelesness Scale can be applied to adults and teenagers as groups. Beck and friends benefited from two sources in the test: 1. Attitudes about the future 2. Psychiatric patients' pessimism expressions recorded by clinicians. Expressions recorded from these two sources are analysed by clinicians and applied to patients who are not depressive. In the light of this information, the test has been improved by the experts and taken its final shape.

Beck Hopelesness Scale has been translated and validated in many languages worldwide.